You can use different tools to make quick initial assessments of your pet's overall health, and one of those is by taking their temperature. Your pet's temperature can be elevated for different reasons (such as fever from infection or inflammation or simply due to excitement or stress), but it's one of the things that can help you decide if it's time to call your veterinarian or your veterinarian may even ask the temperature when you call them.

Since your pet can't tell you how they're feeling, let alone if they feel hot, it's helpful to learn how to take their temperature and interpret the results.

Different Types of Pet Thermometers

The standard for taking a pet's temperature has been the digital rectal thermometer and that's because the rectal lining corresponds well with the core body temperature.

Fortunately for pets, and us, newer options have been developed that are supported by research. These include ear (aural) and armpit (axilla) thermometers. (Yes, your dog or cat has an armpit, even if the terminology sounds odd for pets.)

You can determine what method works best for you and your pet based on their comfort in the necessary positions and your comfort using the thermometer.

How to Position Your Cat or Dog to Take Their Temperature

If you have a second person available to help, one person performs the task while the other comforts and holds your pet still when needed. Cats and small dogs can be held in the lap or against the chest with one hand or arm under the neck to secure the head. The other hand or arm around the abdomen helps hold them still and standing up if needed. Large or giant dogs can be held the same way. One hand or arm can be gently placed on the head or neck to keep it secured against the floor and the other on the flank region to hold the hind end down.

You can also work with your dog on training to get them into position and hold the position while you're taking their temperature. If you can't do training ahead of time, give them a few minutes to check out the thermometer on their own and give them some treats or other positive reinforcement, so they start off on the right foot with good feelings about the tool. You can also reward throughout the procedure to keep those good feelings going.

Taking Your Pet's Temperature

Remember, safety first. Don't continue the attempt to take your pet's temperature if they become aggressive. Even a well-behaved dog can become upset when trying to get a rectal temperature. You may want to consider muzzling your dog while doing this.

Rectal Temperature Method

This method is still used by many veterinary hospitals. It is simple and takes less than two minutes. You can use your average digital thermometer, which is inexpensive and readily available. There is also more of a risk of injury using a glass thermometer.

• Lubricate the tip of the thermometer with petroleum jelly (Vaseline) or sterile lube. This makes insertion easier. If using a glass thermometer, shake it down before applying lube.
• Lift the tail slightly or move it off to the side.
• Insert the lubed thermometer into the rectum. For cats and small dogs, advance about an inch. For large and giant dogs, you can advance about two to three inches. Never force the thermometer. Your pet may need a few moments to relax for you to advance it. Try to avoid placing it into stool as this may alter the reading.
• A digital thermometer will beep when you have a reading in about 30 to 60 seconds.
• Be sure to properly clean and disinfect the thermometer before storing it.

Ear (aural) Temperature Method

These digital thermometers are typically purchased at pet supply companies. Accurate readings depend on the correct positioning of the probe in the ear canal. Learning proper positioning generally requires practice. They may be challenging to use on pets who are sensitive around their ears. They shouldn't be used when pets have an ear infection since the readings will be inaccurate and may cause discomfort and pain.

• Ensure the probe is free of dirt, dust, fingerprints, and ear wax. If not, gently clean with a cotton swab soaked in alcohol and then dry with a clean and dry swab. Allow to air dry for an additional ten minutes before use. Ideally, clean the unit after each use before storing.
• Some ear thermometers require calibration before use. Be sure to read the package insert to determine if yours requires calibration or any other prep.
• Lubrication is not necessary.
• As mentioned, proper positioning is critical for accurate results. It is important to measure the temperature from the horizontal canal. Gently pull the pinna (ear flap) out and slightly downward. This helps straighten the ear canal.
• While still holding the pinna (ear flap), gently and carefully insert the probe straight into the ear canal while angling toward the opposite side of the jaw.
• Insert the probe as deep as possible, so it snuggly fits within the horizontal canal.
• Once properly inserted and without moving it, push the start button. Most will beep when finished.

If you're unsure of the process, have your veterinarian demonstrate and take a look at your technique.

Armpit (axilla) Temperature Method

This is a non-invasive way of taking a temperature. The first accurate and Fear Free-approved version is the Mella Smart Thermometer which pairs with a mobile app. The results can be exported and sent to your veterinarian.

• Position your pet and gently keep them still, either sitting or standing.
• Lubrication is not needed.
• Place the probe tip in the armpit (where the front leg attaches to the body) as far forward and upwards as possible.
• Keep your pet's leg down, so the thermometer is well covered by the armpit until you have a final reading.

What is a Normal Temperature for Your Cat or Dog?

While there is a normal range, every animal is a little different. It's important to know what your pet's average body temperature is so you can catch even small fluctuations. Your veterinarian is a good resource, (or take your pet’s temperature when you're sure they're healthy and relaxed and the room is a comfortable temperature). Take it a few times over a week to get a consistent number and that will determine your pet's "normal" temperature.

The normal body temperature for dogs ranges from 100.2 degrees to 103.8 degrees Fahrenheit (37.9 to 39.9 Celsius), and for cats, the normal body temperature range is 100.5 to 102.5 degrees Fahrenheit (38.1 to 39.2 Celsius). Both ranges assume comfortable room temperature and that the pet's temperature was not taken immediately after exercise or excitement (which will elevate it).

It is always best to double check any abnormal temperature reading. Allow your pet to rest for about 10 minutes before taking their temperature again. If their temp is above 104 degrees Fahrenheit (40.0 Celsius) or below 99 degrees Fahrenheit (37.2 Celsius), they should be evaluated by a veterinarian.

Your veterinary team would be happy to help you take your pet’s temperature the first time and discuss any questions or concerns.